Universal screening for cardiovascular disease risk factors in adolescents to identify high-risk families: a population-based cross-sectional study

BMC Pediatrics

Research Article

Karen Stearne¹  Don Gibson¹  Stafford Dobbin¹  Michael Khoury²  Brian W. McCrindle²  Cedric Manlhiot²  Nita Chahal² 

[1] Heart Niagara Inc., Niagara Falls, ON, Canada;Labatt Family Heart Centre, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, M5G 1X8, Toronto, ON, Canada;

关键词: Obesity;    Cardiovascular disease;    Adolescent;    Cardiometabolic risk factors;    Cholesterol;    Cross-sectional study;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12887-016-0548-3

 received in 2014-04-19, accepted in 2016-01-12,  发布年份 2016

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundUniversal screening of children for dyslipidemia and other cardiovascular risk factors has been recommended. Given the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors within families, one benefit of screening adolescents may be to identify “at-risk” families in which adult members might also be at elevated risk and potentially benefit from medical evaluation.MethodsCross-sectional study of grade 9 students evaluating adiposity, lipids and blood pressure. Data collected by Heart Niagara Inc. through the Healthy Heart Schools’ Program. Parents completed questionnaires, evaluating family history of dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes and early cardiovascular disease events in parents and siblings (first-degree relatives), and grandparents (second-degree relatives). Associations between positive risk factor findings in adolescents and presence of a positive family history were assessed in logistic regression models.ResultsN = 4014 adolescents ages 14–15 years were screened; 3467 (86 %) provided family medical history. Amongst adolescents, 4.7 % had dyslipidemia, 9.5 % had obesity, and 3.5 % had elevated blood pressure. Central adiposity (waist-to-height ratio ≥0.5) in the adolescent was associated with increased odds of diabetes in first- (OR:2.0 (1.6–2.6), p < 0.001) and second-degree relatives (OR:1.3 (1.1–1.6), p = 0.002). Dyslipidemia was associated with increased odds of diabetes (OR:1.6 (1.1–2.3), p < 0.001), hypertension (OR:2.2 (1.5–3.2), p < 0.001) and dyslipidemia (OR:2.2 (1.5–3.2),p < 0.001) in first degree relatives. Elevated blood pressure did not identify increased odds of a positive family history.ConclusionsPresence of obesity and/or dyslipidemia in adolescents identified through a universal school-based screening program is associated with risk factor clustering within families. Universal pediatric cardiometabolic screening may be an effective entry into reverse cascade screening.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Khoury et al. 2016