Performance of RIS-aided near-field localization under beams approximation from real hardware characterization

EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking

Review

Benoît Denis¹  Moustafa Rahal²  Kamran Keykhosravi³  Henk Wymeersch³  Musa Furkan Keskin³  George C. Alexandropoulos⁴  Bernard Uguen⁵ 

[1] CEA-Leti, Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), 38000, Grenoble, France;CEA-Leti, Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), 38000, Grenoble, France;IETR - UMR 6164, Université Rennes 1, 35000, Rennes, France;Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden;Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 15784, Athens, Greece;IETR - UMR 6164, Université Rennes 1, 35000, Rennes, France;

关键词: Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces;    Nearfield localization;    Beam approximation;    Lookup table;    Hardware characterization;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s13638-023-02294-9

 received in 2023-02-28, accepted in 2023-08-16,  发布年份 2023

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

The technology of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) has been showing promising potential in a variety of applications relying on Beyond-5G networks. RIS can indeed provide fine channel flexibility to improve communication quality of service (QoS) or restore localization capabilities in challenging operating conditions, while conventional approaches fail (e.g., due to insufficient infrastructure, severe radio obstructions). In this paper, we tackle a general low-complexity approach for optimizing the precoders that control such reflective surfaces under hardware constraints. More specifically, it allows the approximation of any desired beam pattern using a pre-characterized lookup table of feasible complex reflection coefficients for each RIS element. The proposed method is first evaluated in terms of beam fidelity for several examples of RIS hardware prototypes. Then, by means of a theoretical bounds analysis, we examine the impact of RIS beams approximation on the performance of near-field downlink positioning in non-line-of-sight conditions, while considering several RIS phase profiles (including directional, random and localization-optimal designs). Simulation results in a canonical scenario illustrate how the introduced RIS profile optimization scheme can reliably produce the desired RIS beams under realistic hardware limitations. They also highlight its sensitivity to both the underlying hardware characteristics and the required beam kinds in relation to the specificity of RIS-aided localization applications.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023

【 图 表 】

Fig. 6

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 2

40854_2023_507_Article_IEq17.gif

Fig. 5

Fig. 1

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq6.gif

Fig. 1

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq4.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq2.gif

Fig. 1

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq1.gif

Fig. 2

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq68.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq67.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq66.gif

Fig. 1

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq63.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq60.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq58.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq57.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq56.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq55.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq54.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq52.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq50.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq49.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq48.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq47.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq46.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq45.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq44.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq43.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq42.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq41.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq39.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq38.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq35.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq34.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq32.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq31.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq29.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq28.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq26.gif

Fig. 1

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq19.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq18.gif

12888_2023_5115_Article_IEq2.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq15.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq14.gif

Fig. 2

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq12.gif

40517_2023_266_Article_IEq10.gif

Fig. 3

Fig. 2

12888_2023_5115_Article_IEq1.gif

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 2

Fig. 1

Fig. 1

Fig. 6

Fig. 9

Fig. 6

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 2

Fig. 5

Fig. 1

Fig. 3

Fig. 5

Fig. 7

Fig. 1

Fig. 11

Fig. 5

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 16

Fig. 7

Fig. 2

Fig. 4

Fig. 3

Fig. 3

Fig. 2

Fig. 2

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 5

Fig. 3

Fig. 3

Fig. 6

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 2

Fig. 1

Fig. 1

Fig. 6

Fig. 4

12888_2023_5124_Article_IEq2.gif

12888_2023_5124_Article_IEq1.gif

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 3

Fig. 7

Fig. 2

Fig. 4

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 3

Fig. 2

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 6

Fig. 2

Fig. 1

Fig. 4

Fig. 4

13690_2023_1147_Article_IEq20.gif

13690_2023_1147_Article_IEq3.gif

Fig. 5

Fig. 4

Fig. 1

Fig. 6

Fig. 1

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 2

Fig. 1

Fig. 1

Fig. 1

Fig. 3

41522_2023_426_Article_IEq8.gif

Fig. 6

Fig. 4

Fig. 1

Fig. 4

Fig. 2

Fig. 2

Fig. 1

Fig. 1

Fig. 6

Fig. 3

Fig. 1

Fig. 6

Fig. 4

Fig. 1

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 1

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 3

Fig. 3

Fig. 2

12888_2023_5113_Article_IEq7.gif

40517_2023_261_Article_IEq36.gif

13690_2023_1154_Article_IEq8.gif

Fig. 2

Fig. 8

42004_2023_982_Article_IEq16.gif

13068_2023_2361_Article_IEq16.gif

Fig. 1

13690_2023_1172_Article_IEq1.gif

42490_2023_74_Article_IEq35.gif

Fig. 3