Porous Titanium for Dental Implant Applications

Metals

Zena J. Wally¹  William van Grunsven¹  Frederik Claeyssens¹  Russell Goodall¹  Gwendolen C. Reilly¹  Mark T. Whittaker² 

[1] Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin St, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK; E-Mails:Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sir Robert Hadfield Building, Mappin St, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK;

关键词: dental implant;    titanium;    porosity;    osseointegration;    fabrication methods;   

DOI  :  10.3390/met5041902

来源: mdpi

【 摘 要 】

Recently, an increasing amount of research has focused on the biological and mechanical behavior of highly porous structures of metallic biomaterials, as implant materials for dental implants. Particularly, pure titanium and its alloys are typically used due to their outstanding mechanical and biological properties. However, these materials have high stiffness (Young’s modulus) in comparison to that of the host bone, which necessitates careful implant design to ensure appropriate distribution of stresses to the adjoining bone, to avoid stress-shielding or overloading, both of which lead to bone resorption. Additionally, many coating and roughening techniques are used to improve cell and bone-bonding to the implant surface. To date, several studies have revealed that porous geometry may be a promising alternative to bulk structures for dental implant applications. This review aims to summarize the evidence in the literature for the importance of porosity in the integration of dental implants with bone tissue and the different fabrication methods currently being investigated. In particular, additive manufacturing shows promise as a technique to control pore size and shape for optimum biological properties.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.