BBD Optimization of K-ZnO Catalyst Modification Process for Heterogeneous Transesterification of Rice Bran Oil to Biodiesel

Soft Soil Engineering International Conference 2015

Kabo, K.S.^1 ; Yacob, A.R.^1 ; Bakar, W.A.W.A.^1 ; Buang, N.A.^1 ; Bello, A.M.^1 ; Ruskam, A.^1

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor

81310, Malaysia^1

关键词: Basic sites;    Boxbehnken design (BBD);    Calcination temperature;    Environmentally benign;    Heterogeneous transesterification;    Modification conditions;    Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR);    Response surface methodology;   

Others  :  https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/136/1/012063/pdf
DOI  :  10.1088/1757-899X/136/1/012063

来源: IOP

【 摘 要 】

Environmentally benign zinc oxide (ZnO) was modified with 0-15% (wt.) potassium through wet impregnation and used in transesterification of rice bran oil (RBO) to form biodiesel. The catalyst was characterized by X-Ray powder Diffraction (XRD), its basic sites determined by back titration and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was used to optimize the modification process variables on the basic sites of the catalyst. The transesterification product, biodiesel was analyzed by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The result reveals K-modified ZnO with highly increased basic sites. Quadratic model with high regression R2= 0.9995 was obtained from the ANOVA of modification process, optimization at maximum basic sites criterion gave optimum modification conditions of K-loading = 8.5% (wt.), calcination temperature = 480oC and time = 4 hours with response and basic sites = 8.14 mmol/g which is in close agreement with the experimental value of 7.64 mmol/g. The catalyst was used and a value of 95.53% biodiesel conversion was obtained and effect of potassium leaching was not significant in the process.