This assessment provides recommendationsto help the government of Sierra Leone to put its SocialProtection Policy into action. Ten years after civil war,and in the aftermath of the global crises, the key challengefor Sierra Leone in the area of social protection is to movefrom ad hoc emergency interventions towards a nationalsocial protection system. The assessment reviews currentprograms in light of risks and vulnerabilities faced bySierra Leoneans during different stages of life. Itconcludes that to achieve the vision of the SocialProtection Policy, it will be necessary to (a) fill programgaps while eliminating fragmentation; (b) develop effectivemechanisms to maximize the poverty impact of interventions;and (c) strengthen institutional and coordination arrangements.