Genetic diversity and population structure of Plasmodium vivax in Central China

Malaria Journal

Research

Taane G Clark¹  Karen-Ann Gray²  Qin Cheng²  Hidayat Trimarsanto³  Sarah Auburn⁴  Ric N Price⁵  Jun Cao⁶  Huayun Zhou⁶  Qi Gao⁶  Rui Huang⁷  Yaobao Liu⁸ 

[1] Department of Pathogen Molecular Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, WC1E 7HT, London, UK;Drug Resistance and Diagnostics, Australian Army Malaria Institute, Weary Dunlop Drive, Gallipoli Barracks, Enoggera, Queensland, Australia;Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, Indonesia;Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia;Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia;Centre for Tropical Medicine, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK;Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention (Ministry of Health), Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Parasite Molecular Biology, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China;Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China;Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China;Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention (Ministry of Health), Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Parasite Molecular Biology, Wuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China;

关键词: Plasmodium vivax;    China;    Anhui;    Jiangsu;    Population genetics;    Population structure;    Transmission;    Diversity;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1475-2875-13-262

 received in 2014-05-07, accepted in 2014-06-29,  发布年份 2014

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundIn Central China the declining incidence of Plasmodium vivax has been interrupted by epidemic expansions and imported cases. The impact of these changes on the local parasite population, and concurrent risks of future resurgence, was assessed.MethodsPlasmodium vivax isolates collected from Anhui and Jiangsu provinces, Central China between 2007 and 2010 were genotyped using capillary electrophoresis at seven polymorphic short tandem repeat markers. Spatial and temporal analyses of within-host and population diversity, population structure, and relatedness were conducted on these isolates.ResultsPolyclonal infections were infrequent in the 94 isolates from Anhui (4%) and 25 from Jiangsu (12%), with a trend for increasing frequency from 2008 to 2010 (2 to 19%) when combined. Population diversity was high in both provinces and across the years tested (HE = 0.8 – 0.85). Differentiation between Anhui and Jiangsu was modest (F’ST = 0.1). Several clusters of isolates with identical multi-locus haplotypes were observed across both Anhui and Jiangsu. Linkage disequilibrium was strong in both populations and in each year tested (IAS = 0.2 – 0.4), but declined two- to four-fold when identical haplotypes were accounted for, indicative of occasional epidemic transmission dynamics. None of five imported isolates shared identical haplotypes to any of the central Chinese isolates.ConclusionsThe population genetic structure of P. vivax in Central China highlights unstable transmission, with limited barriers to gene flow between the central provinces. Despite low endemicity, population diversity remained high, but the reservoirs sustaining this diversity remain unclear. The challenge of imported cases and risks of resurgence emphasize the need for continued surveillance to detect early warning signals. Although parasite genotyping has potential to inform the management of outbreaks, further studies are required to identify suitable marker panels for resolving local from imported P. vivax isolates.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Liu et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.