Consequences of orthodontic treatment in malocclusion patients: clinical and microbial effects in adults and children

BMC Oral Health

Research Article

Yang Zhang¹  Bo-Wen Liu¹  Hong-Gang Guo²  Ying Feng³  Li Guo³ 

[1] Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China;Department of Orthopedic, Engineering University Hospital of PAPF, 710086, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China;Department of Stomatology, Ninth Hospital of Xi’an, No. 151, 2nd Ring Road East, 710054, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China;

关键词: Malocclusion;    Orthodontic treatment;    Fixed orthodontic appliances;    Pathogens;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12903-016-0308-7

 received in 2016-09-25, accepted in 2016-10-20,  发布年份 2016

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundMalocclusion is a common disease of oral and maxillofacial region. The study was aimed to investigate levels changes of periodontal pathogens in malocclusion patients before, during and after orthodontic treatments, and to confirm the difference between adults and children.MethodOne hundred and eight malocclusion patients (46 adults and 62 children at the school-age) were randomly selected and received orthodontic treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances. Subgingival plaques were Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.gingivalis), Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum), Prevotella intermedia (P. intermedia) and Tannerella forsythensis (T. forsythensis) collected from the observed regions before and after treatment. Clinical indexes, including plaque index (PLI), gingival index (GI), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), probing depth (PD) and attachment loss (AL) of observed teeth were examined.ResultsThe detection rates of P.gingivalis, F. nucleatum, P. intermedia and T. forsythensis increased from baseline to the third month without significant difference, and then returned to pretreatment levels 12 month after applying fixed orthodontic appliances. Adults’ percentage contents of P.gingivalis, F. nucleatum, P. intermedia and T. forsythensis were significantly higher than those of children at baseline and the first month, but not obvious at the third month. PLI and SBI were increased from baseline to the first and to the third month both in adults and children groups. Besides, PD were increased from baseline to first month, followed by a downward trend in the third month; however, all patients were failed to detect with AL.ConclusionsPeriodontal and microbiological statuses of malocclusion patients may be influenced by fixed orthodontic appliances in both adults and children, more significant in children than in adults. Some microbiological indexes have synchronous trend with the clinical indexes. Long-term efficacy of fixed orthodontic appliances for malocclusion should be confirmed by future researches.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s). 2016