Omega-3 supplementation from pregnancy to postpartum to prevent depressive symptoms: a randomized placebo-controlled trial

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth

Research Article

Juliana dos Santos Vaz¹  Amanda Rodrigues Amorim Adegboye²  Dayana Rodrigues Farias³  Gilberto Kac³  Antonio Egidio Nardi⁴ 

[1] Faculty of Nutrition, Pelotas Federal University, Rua Gomes Carneiro 1 – Campus Porto, 96160-000, Pelotas, RS, Brazil;Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, W1W 6UW, London, UK;Institute of Nutrition, Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 367, CCS – Bloco J – 2° andar, sala 29, Cidade Universitária – Ilha do Fundão, 21941-590, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;Laboratory of Panic and Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Avenida Venceslau Braz, 71 - Botafogo, 22290-140, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;

关键词: Depression;    pregnancy;    Fatty acids;    Omega-3;    Randomized controlled trial;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12884-017-1365-x

 received in 2016-06-08, accepted in 2017-05-31,  发布年份 2017

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundLow n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has been linked to depression, but the preventive effect of n-3PUFAs supplementation on maternal depression needs further investigation. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a daily dose of n-3 PUFAs supplementation (fish oil) on the prevention of postpartum depression (PPD).MethodsA randomized, placebo-controlled, double blind trial was designed and nested into a cohort study conducted in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Sixty pregnant women identified as being at risk for PPD were invited and randomly assigned to receive fish oil capsules [1.8 g (1.08 g of Eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and 0.72 g of Docosapentaenoic (DHA) acids)] or placebo (control). The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was scored at 5–13 (T0, baseline), 22–24 (T1), 30–32 weeks of gestation (T2) and 4–6 weeks’ postpartum (T3). Supplementation started at week 22–24 of gestation (T1) and lasted for 16 weeks. Serum fatty acids were assayed to evaluate compliance. Prevalence of EPDS ≥11 was the primary outcome, and mean and changes in EPDS score, length of gestation, and birth weight the secondary outcomes. Linear mixed-effect (LME) and random-intercept logistic regression models were performed to test the effect of fish oil supplementation on prevalence of EPDS ≥11 and EPDS scores variation.ResultsIn intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, at 30–32 weeks’ gestation women in the fish oil presented higher serum concentration of EPA, DHA and lower n-6/n-3 ratio comparing to the control group. There were no differences between intervention and control groups in the prevalence of EPDS ≥11, EPDS scores over time, or in changes in EPDS scores from pregnancy to postpartum in either the ITT or per-protocol analyses. Women in the fish oil group with previous history of depression presented a higher reduction on the EPDS score from the second to the third trimester in the fish oil comparing to the control group in the ITT analyses [−1.0 (−3.0–0.0) vs. -0.0 (−1.0–3.0), P = 0.038). These results were confirmed on the LME model (β = −3.441; 95%CI: -6.532– -0.350, P = 0.029).ConclusionDaily supplementation of 1.8 g of n-3 PUFAs during 16 weeks did not prevent maternal depressive symptoms in a sample of Brazilian women.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01660165. Retrospectively registered on 24 May 2012.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s). 2017