Application of built-in adjuvants for epitope-based vaccines

PeerJ

article

Yao Lei¹  Furong Zhao¹  Junjun Shao¹  Yangfan Li¹  Shifang Li¹  Huiyun Chang¹  Yongguang Zhang¹ 

[1] State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, OIE/National Foot-and-Mouth Disease Reference Laboratory, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences;Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses

关键词: Built-in adjuvants;    Epitope-based vaccines;    Biological carriers;    Nanoparticles;   

DOI  :  10.7717/peerj.6185

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: Inra

【 摘 要 】

Several studies have shown that epitope vaccines exhibit substantial advantages over conventional vaccines. However, epitope vaccines are associated with limited immunity, which can be overcome by conjugating antigenic epitopes with built-in adjuvants (e.g., some carrier proteins or new biomaterials) with special properties, including immunologic specificity, good biosecurity and biocompatibility, and the ability to vastly improve the immune response of epitope vaccines. When designing epitope vaccines, the following types of built-in adjuvants are typically considered: (1) pattern recognition receptor ligands (i.e., toll-like receptors); (2) virus-like particle carrier platforms; (3) bacterial toxin proteins; and (4) novel potential delivery systems (e.g., self-assembled peptide nanoparticles, lipid core peptides, and polymeric or inorganic nanoparticles). This review primarily discusses the current and prospective applications of these built-in adjuvants (i.e., biological carriers) to provide some references for the future design of epitope-based vaccines.

【 授权许可】

CC BY