Lipid laden macrophages and electronic cigarettes in healthy adults

EBioMedicine

Min-Ae Song¹  Sarah A. Reisinger²  Mark D. Wewers³  Daniel Y. Weng⁴  Peter G. Shields⁴  Rongqin Ren⁴  Joseph P. McElroy⁴  Theodore M. Brasky⁵  Thomas Eissenberg⁶  Jo L. Freudenheim⁷  Konstantin Shilo⁸ 

[1] Corresponding author.;Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States;Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States;Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University and James Cancer Hospital, 460W. 10th Avenue, 9th Floor, Suite D920, Columbus, OH 43210-1240, United States;Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States;Department of Pathology, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States;Division of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States;Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States;

关键词: Bronchoscopy;    Nicotine;    Vaping;    Cytokines;    EVALI;   

DOI  :  

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

Background: An outbreak of E-cigarette or Vaping Product Use-Associated Lung Injury (EVALI) with significant morbidity and mortality was reported in 2019. While most patients with EVALI report vaping tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) oils contaminated with vitamin E acetate, a subset report only vaping with nicotine-containing electronic cigarettes (e-cigs). Whether or not e-cigs cause EVALI, the outbreak highlights the need for identifying long term health effects of e-cigs. EVALI pathology includes alveolar damage, pneumonitis and/or organizing pneumonia, often with lipid-laden macrophages (LLM). We assessed LLM in the lungs of healthy smokers, e-cig users, and never-smokers as a potential marker of e-cig toxicity and EVALI. Methods: A cross-sectional study using bronchoscopy was conducted in healthy smokers, e-cig users, and never-smokers (n = 64). LLM, inflammatory cell counts, and cytokines were determined in bronchial alveolar fluids (BAL). E-cig users included both never-smokers and former light smokers. Findings: High LLM was found in the lungs of almost all smokers and half of the e-cig users, but not those of never-smokers. LLM were not related to THC exposure or smoking history. LLM were significantly associated with inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 in e-cig users, but not smoking-related cytokines. Interpretation: This is the first report of lung LLM comparing apparently healthy smokers, e-cig users, and never-smokers. LLM are not a specific marker for EVALI given the frequent positivity in smokers; whether LLMs are a marker of lung inflammation in some e-cig users requires further study. Funding: The National Cancer Institute, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the Food and Drug Administration Center for Tobacco Products, the National Center For Advancing Translational Sciences, and Pelotonia Intramural Research Funds

【 授权许可】

Unknown