Relationship between Seasonal Changes in Food Intake and Energy Metabolism, Physical Activity, and Body Composition in Young Japanese Women

Nutrients

卷:14

Nao Nishioka Nishi¹  Naomi Hirano²  Jangmi Kang³  Hisae Shinohara⁴  Toyoko Okuda⁵  Rie Shimonaka Yamasaki⁶  Manami Ogawa⁶  Noriko Tanaka⁶ 

[1] Department of Arts and Science, Kobe Women’s Junior College, Kobe 650-0046, Hyogo, Japan;

[2] Department of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Kobe Women’s Junior College, Kobe 650-0046, Hyogo, Japan;

[3] Division of Nutrition Management, Heisei Medical Welfare Group, Japan & Department of Nutrition, Yodogawa Heisei Hospital, Osaka 533-0033, Osaka, Japan;

[4] Faculty of Education, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Miyazaki, Japan;

[5] Faculty of Human Science, Tezukayama Gakuin University, Sakai 590-0113, Osaka, Japan;

[6] Graduate School of Life Sciences, Kobe Women’s University, Kobe 654-8585, Hyogo, Japan;

关键词: seasonal change;    energy intake;    energy metabolism;    body composition;    physical activity;    histidine;   

DOI  :  10.3390/nu14030506

来源: DOAJ

【 摘 要 】

We investigated seasonal changes in food intake, energy metabolism, and physical activity (PA) and explored their associations with body composition. In total, 28 women aged 20–23 years in the Kansai area of Japan participated in this year-long study spanning the winter, spring, and summer seasons. A dietary investigation was performed using the weight recording method, and the amount of histidine in the diet, which may be related to the regulation of energy intake, was calculated. Resting metabolic rate (RMR), body composition, and PA were measured using indirect calorimetry, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and uniaxial accelerometry, respectively. The results showed that energy intake was highest in winter, decreased significantly with increasing temperature, and decreased by 25% in summer. As the intake of histidine in the diet did not increase in summer, it did not seem to be involved in the suppression of energy intake. RMR was highest in winter and decreased significantly in summer by 20%. The amount of PA was low in winter, increased significantly in the spring, and decreased again in summer. Body weight increased in winter, with an accumulation of fat in the trunk and arms, and decreased in summer, with a reduction in the amount of fat. Greater energy intake and less PA in winter induced an increment in body weight despite the increase in RMR. There were no significant changes in lean body mass between the seasons; however, the muscle weight of the lower limbs increased significantly in spring and in summer compared with that in winter (p < 0.001). Thus, seasonal changes in food intake, energy metabolism, and PA occur, with resultant changes in the body composition under comfortable air-conditioned environments.

【 授权许可】

Unknown