Advances in the application of mesenchymal stem cells, exosomes, biomimetic materials, and 3D printing in osteoporosis treatment

Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters

Shu Lin¹  Xiao-Yu He²  Yi-Zhong Li²  Hai-Ming Yu² 

[1] Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, 362000, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China;Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, 2010, Sydney, NSW, Australia;Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, 362000, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China;

关键词: Mesenchymal stem cell;    Exosome;    Biomimetic materials;    3D printing;    Osteoporosis;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s11658-021-00291-8

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Owing to an increase in the aging population, osteoporosis has become a severe public health concern, with a high prevalence among the elderly and postmenopausal adults. Osteoporosis-related fracture is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in elderly and postmenopausal adults, posing a considerable socioeconomic burden. However, existing treatments can only slow down the process of osteoporosis, reduce the risk of fractures, and repair fractures locally. Therefore, emerging methods for treating osteoporosis, such as mesenchymal stem cell transplantation, exosome-driving drug delivery systems, biomimetic materials, and 3D printing technology, have received increasing research attention, with significant progress. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pluripotent stem cells that can differentiate into different types of functional cells. Exosomes play a key role in regulating cell microenvironments through paracrine mechanisms. Bionic materials and 3D printed scaffolds are beneficial for the reconstruction and repair of osteoporotic bones and osteoporosis-related fractures. Stem cells, exosomes, and biomimetic materials represent emerging technologies for osteoporosis treatment. This review summarizes the latest developments in these three aspects.

【 授权许可】

CC BY