Case–control study on the interplay between immunoparalysis and delirium after cardiac surgery

Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery

Wim J. Morshuis¹  Marjolein F. Looije²  Esther M. Wesselink²  Arjen J. C. Slooter²  Mark van den Boogaard³  Shokoufeh CheheiliSobbi⁴  Annemieke M. Peters van Ton⁵  Peter Pickkers⁵  Jelle Gerretsen⁵  Wilson F. Abdo⁵ 

[1] Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;Department of Intensive Care Medicine and UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands;Department of Intensive Care Medicine, IP 707, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;Department of Intensive Care Medicine, IP 707, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;

关键词: Cardiothoracic surgery;    Cytokines;    Delirium;    Immunity;    Intensive care medicine;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s13019-021-01627-3

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundDelirium occurs frequently following cardiothoracic surgery, and infectious disease is an important risk factor for delirium. Surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass induce suppression of the immune response known as immunoparalysis. We aimed to investigate whether delirious patients had more pronounced immunoparalysis following cardiothoracic surgery than patients without delirium, to explain this delirium-infection association.MethodsA prospective matched case–control study was performed in two university hospitals. Cytokine production (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and IL-10) of ex vivo lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated whole blood was analyzed in on-pump cardiothoracic surgery patients preoperatively, and at 5 timepoints up to 3 days after cardiothoracic surgery. Delirium was assessed by trained staff using two validated delirium scales and chart review.ResultsA total of 89 patients were screened of whom 14 delirious and 52 non-delirious patients were included. Ex vivo-stimulated production of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 was severely suppressed following cardiothoracic surgery compared to pre-surgery. Postoperative release of cytokines in non-delirious patients was attenuated by 84% [IQR: 13–93] for TNF-α, 95% [IQR: 78–98] for IL-6, and 69% [IQR: 55–81] for IL-10. The attenuation in ex vivo-stimulated production of these cytokines was not significantly different in patients with delirium compared to non-delirious patients (p > 0.10 for all cytokines).ConclusionsThe post-operative attenuation of ex vivo-stimulated production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines was comparable between patients that developed delirium and those who remained delirium-free after on-pump cardiothoracic surgery. This finding suggests that immunoparalysis is not more common in cardiothoracic surgery patients with delirium compared to those without.

【 授权许可】

CC BY