Giardia and Cryptosporidium on Dairy Farms and the Role these Farms May Play in Contaminating Water Sources in Prince Edward Island, Canada

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine

E. Budu-Amoako¹  S.J. Greenwood⁴  B.R. Dixon³  H.W. Barkema² 

[1] Biofoodtech, Charlottetown, PE, Canada;Department of Production Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB,, Canada;Microbiology Research Division, Bureau of Microbial Hazards, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada;Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada

关键词: Cryptosporidium;    Dairy;    Genotyping;    Giardia;    Water;    Zoonotic;   

DOI  :  10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00930.x

来源: Wiley

【 摘 要 】

Abstract

Background

Cattle represent a reservoir for Giardia and Cryptosporidium and may contaminate water sources.

Objectives

To determine the distribution of Cryptosporidium and Giardia on dairy farms and in water bodies near the farms.

Farms and Water Sources

Twenty dairy farms and 20 wells and 13 surface water samples associated with dairy farms.

Methods

Proportions of samples positive for Cryptosporidium or Giardia were determined by a direct immunofluorescence assay. Fecal and water samples were taken at different times.

Results

Thirty-two (95% CI: 29–35%) and 14% (95% CI: 12–17%) of fecal samples, and 100 (95% CI: 96–100) and 55% (95% CI: 32–77%) of herds, were positive for Giardia and Cryptosporidium, respectively. Giardia duodenalis assemblage E was detected in high proportions (90%) of fecal samples. Cryptosporidium bovis predominated (51%) in all cattle. C. andersoni predominated in adult cattle (53%), whereas the predominant species in animals < 2 months and 2–6 months was C. bovis, respectively. Only calves < 2 months of age were positive for C. parvum. In 46% (95% CI: 19–75%) and 85% (95% CI: 55–98%) of surface water, concentrations of Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts were higher in downstream, than in upstream, locations of farms, whereas only 1 groundwater sample was positive for Cryptosporidium.

Conclusions

This sample of dairy cattle was predominantly infected with nonzoonotic species and genotypes of Cryptosporidium,Giardia, or both. More studies are needed to determine if the presence of Giardia or Cryptosporidium in surface water was associated with shedding in animals from nearby farms.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2012 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine