The role of socio-demographic determinants in the geo-spatial distribution of newly diagnosed HIV infections in small areas of Catalonia (Spain)

BMC Public Health

Cristina Agustí¹  Jordi Casabona²  Núria Vives³  Alexandra Montoliu⁴  Núria Font-Casaseca⁵  Mireia Julià⁶  Joan Benach⁷  Francesc Belvis⁸  Juan M. Pericàs⁹ 

[1] Centre d’Estudis Epidemiològics sobre les Infeccions de Transmissió Sexual i Sida de Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya (ASPC), Generalitat de Catalunya, Edifici Muntanya, Ctra Can Ruti, Cami de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain;Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiologia y Salud Pública CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain;Fundació Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol IGTP, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain;Centre d’Estudis Epidemiològics sobre les Infeccions de Transmissió Sexual i Sida de Catalunya (CEEISCAT), Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya (ASPC), Generalitat de Catalunya, Edifici Muntanya, Ctra Can Ruti, Cami de les Escoles s/n, 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain;Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiologia y Salud Pública CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain;Fundació Institut d’Investigació Germans Trias i Pujol IGTP, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain;Departament de Pediatria, d’Obstetrícia i Ginecologia i de Medicina Preventiva i de Salut Pública, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain;Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiologia y Salud Pública CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain;Cancer Screening Unit, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiologia y Salud Pública CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain;Unit of Infections and Cancer - Information and Interventions (UNIC - I&I), Cancer Epidemiology Research Program (CERP), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;Department of Geography, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;Department of Political and Social Sciences, Health Inequalities Research Group, Employment Conditions Knowledge Network (GREDS-EMCONET), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain;Cancer Screening Unit, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;Department of Political and Social Sciences, Health Inequalities Research Group, Employment Conditions Knowledge Network (GREDS-EMCONET), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain;Johns Hopkins University-Universitat Pompeu Fabra Public Policy Center, Barcelona, Spain;Grupo de Investigación Transdisciplinar sobre Transiciones Socioecológicas (GinTRANS2), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain;Department of Political and Social Sciences, Health Inequalities Research Group, Employment Conditions Knowledge Network (GREDS-EMCONET), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain;Johns Hopkins University-Universitat Pompeu Fabra Public Policy Center, Barcelona, Spain;Unit of Infections and Cancer - Information and Interventions (UNIC - I&I), Cancer Epidemiology Research Program (CERP), Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain;Department of Political and Social Sciences, Health Inequalities Research Group, Employment Conditions Knowledge Network (GREDS-EMCONET), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain;Johns Hopkins University-Universitat Pompeu Fabra Public Policy Center, Barcelona, Spain;Vall d’Hebron Institute for Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain;Infectious Disease Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;

关键词: HIV;    Small areas;    Income inequality;    Neighborhood environment;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12889-020-09603-7

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundSpatial visualization of HIV surveillance data could improve the planning of programs to address the HIV epidemic. The objectives of the study were to describe the characteristics and the spatial distribution of newly diagnosed HIV infection in Catalonia and to identify factors associated with HIV infection rates.MethodsSurveillance data from the national registry were presented in the form of descriptive and ring maps and used to study the spatial distribution of new HIV diagnoses in Catalonia (2012–2016) and associated risk factors at the small area level (ABS, acronym for “basic health area” in Catalan). Incident cases were modeled using the following as predictors: type of municipality, prevalence of young men and migrant groups, GBMSM activity indicators, and other variables at the aggregated level.ResultsNew HIV diagnoses are heterogeneously distributed across Catalonia. The predictors that proved to be significantly associated with a higher rate of new HIV diagnoses were ABS located in the city of Barcelona (IRR, 2.520; P < 0.001), a higher proportion of men aged 15–44 years (IRR, 1.193; P = 0.003), a higher proportion of GBMSM (IRR, 1.230; P = 0.030), a higher proportion of men from Western Europe (IRR, 1.281; P = 0.003), a higher proportion of men from Latin America (IRR, 1.260; P = 0.003), and a higher number of gay locations (IRR, 2.665; P < 0.001). No association was observed between the HIV diagnosis rate and economic deprivation.ConclusionsRing maps revealed substantial spatial associations for the rate of new HIV diagnoses. New HIV diagnoses are concentrated in ABS located in urban areas. Our results show that, in the case of HIV infection, the socioeconomic deprivation index on which the Catalan government bases its budget allocation policies among the ABS should not be the only criterion used.

【 授权许可】

CC BY