Anesthetic and Cardiopulmonary Effects of Total Intravenous Anesthesia Using a Midazolam, Ketamine and Medetomidine Drug Combination in Horses

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

William W. MUIR¹  Tikiri P. WIJAYATHILAKA²  Mohammed A. UMAR³  Kiyoshi TAGUCHI⁴  Kazuto YAMASHITA³  Tokiko KUSHIRO¹ 

[1] Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University;Department of Animal Production and Health;Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University;Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University

关键词: equine;    ketamine;    medetomidine;    midazolam;    total intravenous anesthesia;   

DOI  :  10.1292/jvms.69.7

学科分类：兽医学

来源: Japanese Society of Veterinary Science

【 摘 要 】

References(30)Cited-By(11)The anesthetic and cardiopulmonary effects of midazolam, ketamine and medetomidine for total intravenous anesthesia (MKM-TIVA) were evaluated in 14 horses. Horses were administered medetomidine 5 μg/kg intravenously as pre-anesthetic medication and anesthetized with an intravenous injection of ketamine 2.5 mg/kg and midazolam 0.04 mg/kg followed by the infusion of MKM-drug combination (midazolam 0.8 mg/ml-ketamine 40 mg/ml-medetomidine 0.1 mg/ml). Nine stallions (3 thoroughbred and 6 draft horses) were castrated during infusion of MKM-drug combination. The average duration of anesthesia was 38 ± 8 min and infusion rate of MKM-drug combination was 0.091 ± 0.021 ml/kg/hr. Time to standing after discontinuing MKM-TIVA was 33 ± 13 min. The quality of recovery from anesthesia was satisfactory in 3 horses and good in 6 horses. An additional 5 healthy thoroughbred horses were anesthetized with MKM- TIVA in order to assess cardiopulmonary effects. These 5 horses were anesthetized for 60 min and administered MKM-drug combination at 0.1 ml/kg/hr. Cardiac output and cardiac index decreased to 70-80%, stroke volume increased to 110% and systemic vascular resistance increased to 130% of baseline value. The partial pressure of arterial blood carbon dioxide was maintained at approximately 50 mmHg while the arterial partial pressure of oxygen pressure decreased to 50-60 mmHg. MKM-TIVA provides clinically acceptable general anesthesia with mild cardiopulmonary depression in horses. Inspired air should be supplemented with oxygen to prevent hypoxemia during MKM-TIVA.

【 授权许可】

Unknown