Toxin-Induced Necroptosis Is a Major Mechanism of Staphylococcus aureus Lung Damage

PLoS Pathogens

Pamela Nieto¹  Susan Bueno¹  Danielle S. Ahn²  Samuel Chung²  Sarah Wachtel²  Dane Parker²  Taylor S. Cohen²  Kipyegon Kitur³  Alice Prince³ 

[1] Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile;Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America;Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America

关键词: Macrophages;    Toxins;    Cytotoxicity;    Immune cells;    Alveolar macrophages;    Inflammasomes;    Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus;    Pneumonia;   

DOI  :  10.1371/journal.ppat.1004820

学科分类：生物科学（综合）

来源: Public Library of Science

【 摘 要 】

Staphylococcus aureus USA300 strains cause a highly inflammatory necrotizing pneumonia. The virulence of this strain has been attributed to its expression of multiple toxins that have diverse targets including ADAM10, NLRP3 and CD11b. We demonstrate that induction of necroptosis through RIP1/RIP3/MLKL signaling is a major consequence of S. aureus toxin production. Cytotoxicity could be prevented by inhibiting either RIP1 or MLKL signaling and S. aureus mutants lacking agr, hla or Hla pore formation, lukAB or psms were deficient in inducing cell death in human and murine immune cells. Toxin-associated pore formation was essential, as cell death was blocked by exogenous K+ or dextran. MLKL inhibition also blocked caspase-1 and IL-1β production, suggesting a link to the inflammasome. Rip3-/- mice exhibited significantly improved staphylococcal clearance and retained an alveolar macrophage population with CD200R and CD206 markers in the setting of acute infection, suggesting increased susceptibility of these leukocytes to necroptosis. The importance of this anti-inflammatory signaling was indicated by the correlation between improved outcome and significantly decreased expression of KC, IL-6, TNF, IL-1α and IL-1β in infected mice. These findings indicate that toxin-induced necroptosis is a major cause of lung pathology in S. aureus pneumonia and suggest the possibility of targeting components of this signaling pathway as a therapeutic strategy.

【 授权许可】

CC BY