Genetic diversity of Newcastle disease virus in Pakistan: a countrywide perspective

Virology Journal

Muhammad Munir^1,12  Mikael Berg⁷  Nisar Ahmad^1,10  Waseem Yaqub^1,18  Muhammad Umer Sohail^1,13  Kiran Zehra³  Hassan bin Aslam^1,16  Sohail Ahmad Khan⁴  Zahid Iqbal⁴  Mohsan Ullah Goraya⁷  Arfan Ahmad⁶  Nazeer Hussain⁸  Aftab Ahmad Anjum^1,16  Aijaz Ali Channa⁵  Abdul Ahad²  Aamir Ghafoor⁶  Asad Amanat Ali^1,15  Muhammad Tanveer Khan^1,11  Muhammad Abbas⁹  Muhammad Anees⁴  Muhammad Sajid^1,14  Muhammad Shafee¹  Nadia Mukhtar^1,18  Muhammad Abu Bakr Shabbir^1,18  Jawad Nazir^1,16  Tahir Yaqub^1,18  Siamak Zohari^1,17  Muhammad Zubair Shabbir^1,18 

[1] University of Baluchistan, Quetta, Pakistan;Department of Microbiology, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chittagong, Bangladesh;Department of Geography, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan;Livestock and Dairy Development Department, Punjab, Pakistan;Department of Theriogenology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan;University Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan;Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden;Sindh Poultry Vaccine Center, Karachi, Pakistan;Veterinary Research Institute, Lahore, Pakistan;Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan;Department of Biology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway;The Pirbright Institute, Compton Laboratory, Compton, Berkshire RG20 7NN, United Kingdom;Government Collage University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan;Veterinary Research and Disease Investigation Center, Abbottabad, Pakistan;Poultry Research Institute, Rawalpindi, Pakistan;Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan;National Veterinary Institute, Uppsala, Sweden;Quality Operations Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan

关键词: Poultry;    Phylogenetic analysis;    Pakistan;    Newcastle disease virus;    Lineages;   

Others  :  1150074
DOI  :  10.1186/1743-422X-10-170

 received in 2013-03-11, accepted in 2013-05-29,  发布年份 2013

【 摘 要 】

Background

Newcastle disease (ND) is one of the most deadly diseases of poultry around the globe. The disease is endemic in Pakistan and recurrent outbreaks are being reported regularly in wild captive, rural and commercial poultry flocks. Though, efforts have been made to characterize the causative agent in some of parts of the country, the genetic nature of strains circulating throughout Pakistan is currently lacking.

Material and methods

To ascertain the genetics of NDV, 452 blood samples were collected from 113 flocks, originating from all the provinces of Pakistan, showing high mortality (30–80%). The samples represented domesticated poultry (broiler, layer and rural) as well as wild captive birds (pigeons, turkeys, pheasants and peacock). Samples were screened with real-time PCR for both matrix and fusion genes (1792 bp), positive samples were subjected to amplification of full fusion gene and subsequent sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.

Results

The deduced amino acid sequence of the fusion protein cleavage site indicated the presence of motif (¹¹²RK/RQRR↓F¹¹⁷) typical for velogenic strains of NDV. Phylogenetic analysis of hypervariable region of the fusion gene indicated that all the isolates belong to lineage 5 of NDV except isolates collected from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) province. A higher resolution of the phylogenetic analysis of lineage 5 showed the distribution of Pakistani NDV strains to 5b. However, the isolates from KPK belonged to lineage 4c; the first report of such lineage from this province.

Conclusions

Taken together, data indicated the prevalence of multiple lineages of NDV in different poultry population including wild captive birds. Such understanding is crucial to underpin the nature of circulating strains of NDV, their potential for interspecies transmission and disease diagnosis and control strategies.

【 授权许可】

   
2013 Shabbir et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

【 图 表 】

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