Graphene has been widely explored for flexible, high-performance photodetectors due to its exceptional mechanical strength, broadband absorption, and high carrier mobility. However, the low stretchability and limited photoabsorption of graphene have restricted its applications in flexible and high-sensitivity photodetection systems. Various hybrid systems based on photonic or plasmonic nanostructures have been introduced to improve the limited photoresponsivity of graphene photodetectors. In most cases, the hybrid systems succeeded in the enhancement of photoresponse, but showed limited mechanical stretchability. Here, we demonstrate a crumpled graphene-gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) hybrid structure photodetector with ~1200% enhanced photoresponsivity compared to conventional graphene photodetector and exceptional mechanical stretchability up to 200% tensile strain. We achieved the plasmonically enhanced optical absorption of graphene-based photodetector by using a hybrid structure of graphene-AuNPs. We crumpled the hybrid structure to realize mechanical stretchability and further enhancement of the optical absorption by areal densification. Our highly stretchable photodetector with enhanced photoresponsivity can be integrated with a contact lens and a spring structure. We believe that our high performance graphene photodetector can find broad applications for conformable and flexible optical sensors and dynamic mechanical strain sensors. This thesis also explores the fabrication of different degrees of hierarchical crumples of graphene on microstructure array, which can be exploited to control surface wettability. Here, we achieved to create hierarchical structures of graphene in microscale by using three-dimensional (3D) features on a substrate and in nanoscale by compressive pre-strain of the substrate.
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Strechable crumpled graphene photodetector with plasmonically-enhanced photoresponsivity
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