Cambodia's changing distribution ofincome-related outcomes is consistent with the process oftransition from a planned to an open market economy, and theaccompanying growth of incomes. This transformation haspromoted better resource reallocation, expanded the spectrumof gainful activities, and widened the distribution ofearnings. Aided by robust economic growth and improvedcapacity for implementing public policies, Cambodia has seenmost other welfare outcomes (notably health and educationindicators) become more equal over time. While a radicalshift of development strategy is not necessary, improvementsin public spending and selected interventions can furtherpromote equality of opportunity, and public policies canpromote an expansion of private investment opportunities.The findings of the report point to the following sets ofgovernment actions: (i) continuing economic reform topromote investments and sustain growth; (ii) protecting landtenure through systemic titling, and addressing landlessnessrelated poverty through various measures (e.g., social landconcessions; non-farm employment); (iii) building uponprogress to date with further improvements in the quantity,quality and affordability of schooling and healthcare; andunderpinning service delivery reforms with stronger and moreresponsive state institutions through continued reforms ofpublic financial management and merit-based civil service pay.
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