To support the Government's effortsto design effective poverty reduction strategies andinterventions, the Bank undertook this Risk andVulnerability Assessment. Within the framework of socialrisk management, this report aims to 1) better understandthe poverty trends and implications for the poor'svulnerability, as revealed from a quantitative analysis ofthe priority surveys for 1994 and 1998; 2) supplement thequantitative analysis of poverty and vulnerability with aparticipatory pilot survey in four villages, in order toidentify the key economic and social risks and copingstrategies of the poor and vulnerable (particularly women)at the village level, drawing on people's perception ofrisks and vulnerability; 3) to the extent data permitted, toreview the present safety net programs and assess the extentto which they are designed to address the main risksexperienced by poor people, the adequacy of suchpublicly-funded response mechanisms, and identify gapsand/or suggest improvements in the present programmaticinterventions; and 4) based on the quantitative andqualitative work, to discuss policy perspectives bearing onthe many ways to address risk and vulnerability issues inBurkina Faso. The report is organized as follows: After theintroduction, Chapter 2 provides a conceptual framework foranalysis of risk and vulnerability. Chapter 3 provides anoverview of the country background and the major shocksexperienced by the Burkina population in the recent period.Chapter 4 then provides a quantitative analysis of povertytrends and vulnerability to various risks. Chapter 5provides a qualitative analysis of poverty andvulnerability, based on the findings of participatorysurveys done in four villages. This is followed by anoverview of existing publicly funded safety net programs andtheir interface with risks and vulnerabilities of poorhouseholds in Chapter 6. finally, based on the quantitativeand qualitative analysis and the review of programs, thelast chapter -Chapter 7 -provides some policy perspectiveson how to improve the risk management capabilities of poorhouseholds via appropriate public action.