The air transport sector is enjoying anoptimistic growth rate while at the same time elicitinggrowing concern, due to its environmental impact and itsvulnerability with respect to energy security. These issueshave put the sector at the forefront of the tide inachieving energy efficiency. Efforts have been made on everyfront to improve efficiency through better technology,optimized operation, as well as energy-savinginfrastructure. This report includes five chapters. Chapter1 will introduce the air transport energy consumptionoutlook though the analysis of the growth of air services aswell as consumption of fossil fuel-based energy. Chapter twowill discuss air transport's impact on the environmentand the response and actions from the air transport sector.Chapter three will detail potential energy efficiency gainsin aircraft design, air service operation, as well asinfrastructure design. The role of the government andprivate sector in fostering and supporting those energyefficiency gains will also be discussed. Chapter four willenumerate policy options for countries with respect to airtransport energy efficiency, focusing on fiscal measures.Finally, chapter five presents an analysis of support andfinancing measures that can be taken by the World Bank andits member countries. This report compiles a maximum ofinformation on the issues culled from existing research aswell as from open sources provided by partner organizationsand industry. It aims to guide the air transport industry,policy makers, and development institutions on where tofocus their investments or support in developing andemerging markets in order to address the energy and climatechange challenges ahead.
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