Over the coming decades, land policy andadministration, for urban as well as rural areas, will becritical for Ethiopia's development. The vast majorityof people making up the Federal Democratic Republic ofEthiopia's (FDRE) predominantly agricultural economylive in rural areas. Finally, land policies andadministration can contribute significantly to theobjectives of promoting gender equality and protectingvulnerable groups in Ethiopia. This report aims to assistthe government of Ethiopia in improving the performance ofits land administration system based on a detailed reviewand lessons from Ethiopia and other countries. The three keyareas for improvements and options for improving the landadministration system summarized in the action matrix beloware the: a) legal and regulatory framework; b)administrative capacity and organizational set-up; and,based on these, c) provision of efficient, cost-effective,and sustainable land administration services and land management.