Trade Reform and Household Welfare : The Case of Mexico

Ianchovichina, Elena ; Nicita, Alessandro ; Soloaga, Isidro

World Bank, Washington, DC

关键词: ABATEMENT;    ADJUSTMENT COSTS;    ADJUSTMENT POLICIES;    ADJUSTMENT PROGRAMS;    AGGREGATE INCOME;   

DOI  :  10.1596/1813-9450-2667
RP-ID  :  WPS2667

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

The authors use a two-step,computationally simple procedure to analyze the effects ofMexico's potentially unilateral tariff liberalization.First, they use a computable general equilibrium modelprovided by the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) as thenew price generator. Second, they apply the price changes toMexican household data to assess the effects of thesimulated policy on poverty and income distribution. Bychoosing GTAP as the price generator, the authors are ableto model Mexico's differential tariff structureappropriately: almost zero for North American Free TradeAgreement (NAFTA) members and higher tariffs for nonmembers.Even starting with low tariff protection, simulation resultsshow that tariff reform will have a positive effect onwelfare for all expenditure deciles. Under an assumption ofnonhomothetic individual preferences, trade liberalizationbenefits people in the poorer deciles more than those in thericher ones.