CGE Analysis of the Impact of Foreign Direct Investment and Tariff Reform on Female and Male Wages

Latorre, Maria C.

World Bank Group, Washington, DC

关键词: ACCOUNTING;    ADULT MALE;    ADULT MALES;    ADULT WOMEN;    AGRICULTURE;   

DOI  :  10.1596/1813-9450-7073
RP-ID  :  WPS7073

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

This study analyzes the impact on maleand female wages of tariff reform and the reduction ofregulatory barriers faced by domestic and foreign firmsoperating in business services. The study applies the modelto Tanzania and develops a data set that distinguishes laborand wages by gender for 52 sectors and four skillcategories. The model is the first to incorporate moderntrade theory to assess the gender implications of tradereform. Given that the Dixit-Stiglitz framework results inproductivity gains from additional varieties of services,the analysis finds that real wages increase across allworker categories. However, the increase in wages is higherfor males than for females, because business services usemales more intensively than females. The most skilled(female and male) workers, who are also the most intensivelyused in the business services sectors, benefit more from thereal increases in wages. The model illustrates that as thedevelopment process continues and developing countriesbecome more business service oriented, these sectors demandmore educated workers and their wages will increase relativeto those of unskilled workers. The policy conclusion fromthis model is that it is crucial to invest in the educationof females so their human capital increases and their skillsare more marketable in business services and other moretechnologically modern occupations. Otherwise, the wage gapbetween males and females would likely widen further.