The Gendered Labor Market Impacts of Trade Liberalization : Evidence from Brazil

Gaddis, Isis ; Pieters, Janneke

World Bank Group, Washington, DC

关键词: AGGREGATE ANALYSES;    AGREEMENT ON TRADE;    AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS;    APPAREL;    AVERAGE TARIFF;   

DOI  :  10.1596/1813-9450-7095
RP-ID  :  WPS7095

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

This paper investigates genderdifferences in the impact of Brazil's tradeliberalization on labor market outcomes. To identify thecausal effect of trade reforms, the paper usesdifference-in-difference estimation exploiting variationacross microregions in pre-liberalization industrycomposition. The analysis finds that trade liberalizationreduced male and female labor force participation andemployment rates, but the effects on men were significantlylarger. Thereby, tariff reductions contributed to genderconvergence in labor force participation and employmentrates. Gender differences are concentrated among thelow-skilled population and in the tradable sector, wheremale and female workers are most likely to be imperfect substitutes.