From fostering expertise to packagingand sharing lessons from the field, the knowledge work ofthe World Bank Group takes many shapes. But unlike lendingoperations, knowledge work is not always subject to the sameresults monitoring processes. For example, the publishing ofa report has often been used as the only indicator of asuccessful knowledge product. During a program-wide effortto develop and implement a results-based managementframework for its technical assistance work, the Water andSanitation Program (WSP), a multi-donor partnershipadministered by the World Bank, discovered that applying thesame framework to its knowledge work helped demonstrate thevalue of knowledge by drawing a connection between knowledgeinputs, outputs, outcomes, and impact. This smart lessondescribes lessons from a technical assistance program'sexperience applying a results framework to knowledge work.In addition to demonstrating value, this helped betterdefine different stages of knowledge work, measure progress,and better manage program communications and knowledge management.