Policy makers and program managers arefaced every day with major decisions resulting frominsufficient funding, ongoing complaints about servicedelivery, unmet needs among different population groups, andlimited results on the ground. There is a menu of evaluationtypes implemented by developing and Organization forEconomic Co-operation Development (OECD) countries to tacklea wide range of policy and program management issues,considering time, resources and capacity constraints.International experience highlights the importance of agradual approach when introducing evaluation tools intocountry-level monitoring and evaluation (M and E) systems.Different paths may work better for different countriesdepending on the main purpose of their M and E system,existing institutional capacity, the availability of funds,and external technical assistance.