Construction, Corruption, and Developing Countries

Kenny, Charles

World Bank, Washington, DC

关键词: ACCOUNTABILITY;    ANTI-CORRUPTION;    ANTICORRUPTION;    AUDITING;    AUDITS;   

DOI  :  10.1596/1813-9450-4271
RP-ID  :  WPS4271

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

The construction industry accounts forabout one-third of gross capital formation. Governments havemajor roles as clients, regulators, and owners ofconstruction companies. The industry is consistently rankedas one of the most corrupt: large payments to gain or altercontracts and circumvent regulations are common. The impactof corruption goes beyond bribe payments to poor qualityconstruction of infrastructure with low economic returnsalongside low funding for maintenance-and this is where themajor impact of corruption is felt. Regulation of the sectoris necessary, but simplicity, transparency, enforcement, anda focus on the outcomes of poor construction are likely tohave a larger impact than voluminous but poorly enforcedregulation of the construction process. Where government isthe client, attempts to counter corruption need to begin atthe level of planning and budgeting. Output-based andcommunity-driven approaches show some promise as tools toreduce corruption. At the same time they will need to becomplimented by a range of other interventions includingpublication of procurement documents, independent andcommunity oversight, physical audit, and public-privateanticorruption partnerships.