Diasporas

Beine, Michel ; Docquier, Frederic ; Ozden, Caglar

关键词: ABUSE;    ADULT POPULATION;    ASIAN WORKERS;    BILATERAL IMMIGRATION;    BRAIN DRAIN;   

DOI  :  10.1596/1813-9450-4984
RP-ID  :  WPS4984

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

Migration flows are shaped by a complexcombination of self-selection and out-selection mechanisms.In this paper, the authors analyze how existing diasporas(the stock of people born in a country and living in anotherone) affect the size and human-capital structure of currentmigration flows. The analysis exploits a bilateral data seton international migration by educational attainment from195 countries to 30 developed countries in 1990 and 2000.Based on simple micro-foundations and controlling forvarious determinants of migration, the analysis finds thatdiasporas increase migration flows, lower the averageeducational level and lead to higher concentration oflow-skill migrants. Interestingly, diasporas explain themajority of the variability of migration flows andselection. This suggests that, without changing thegenerosity of family reunion programs, education-basedselection rules are likely to have a moderate impact. Theresults are highly robust to the econometric techniques,accounting for the large proportion of zeros and endogeneity problems.