Natural capital is the largest form ofwealth in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic. Yet, naturalcapital is being depleted, posing a significant challenge toachieving poverty reduction and sustainable developmentobjectives. The World Bank has long promoted natural capitalaccounting (NCA) and regularly provides estimates of thevalue of natural capital in terms of a nation’s wealth, withwealth being the total value of human, produced, and naturalcapital. Khammounane Province, natural capital is even moreimportant, with significant total value from the forestlandscape for timber, nature-based tourism, food, fuel, andwatershed protection services. This report on the naturalcapital of Lao PDR landscapes, in particular KhammouaneProvince, was produced as part of advisory servicesinitiated to support Lao PDR’s ongoing transformation towardeconomic growth that is sustainable, clean, green,resilient, and inclusive.