A wide range of public policies aims atimproving the social welfare of the population or specificgroups among the population. The use of the term socialprotection usually refers to the group of social policiesthat provide cash transfer to protect households frompoverty. The goal of this study is to measure the possibleimpact of these new policies. Because the new regulationshave been recently passed and few administrative data on theprograms are available, the study cannot report on theeffective impact of the new policy. The approach insteaduses the 2006 VHLSS (Vietnamese Household Living StandardSurvey) to estimate how efficient the new policy could be ifit had enough resource to be fully implemented without anyrestriction.The first section measures how many of thepoor could be eligible to social allowances if the decision67 could be fully implemented. The second section describesthe characteristics of the poor that would probably notbenefit from this new policy.