The Doha Round and Preference Erosion : A Symposium

Hoekman, Bernard

Oxford University Press on behalf of the World Bank

关键词: trade liberalization;    Doha Round;    WTO;    preferential trade access;    erosion;   

DOI  :  10.1093/wber/lhj012
RP-ID  :  77517

学科分类：社会科学、人文和艺术（综合）

来源: World Bank Open Knowledge Repository

【 摘 要 】

The trade and welfare impacts ofmultilateral liberalization on individual countries andgroups within countries depend on many factors-including thedepth of liberalization by trading partners, the extent ofcountries' own reforms, the responsiveness of investorsto changes in relative prices and market opportunities, andactions by governments to reduce real trade costs. Themagnitude of erosion will depend on a variety of factors,including the product and country coverage of preferentialschemes, the level of most favored nation restrictions inthe markets granting preferential access, the administrativecosts associated with using preference programs, theincidence of any preference rents, the depth ofliberalization realized in Doha, and the existence of andchanges in reciprocal trade agreements. Moreover, the valueof preferences is better measured by income earned-whatmatters is the impact on the price actually received by theexporters because the pass-through of preferential access islikely to be incomplete.