This note provides guidance on how tomonitor the performance and impact of agriculturalinvestments, and on which aspects to observe. Ongoingmonitoring of investments is a key way to hold investorsaccountable for contractual commitments and deliver theexpected benefits to the country and surroundingcommunities. It also facilitates early identification ofemerging negative impacts or of failing investments,enabling remedial actions. Monitoring is often deficientbecause of a lack of resources and systematic procedures,which allows negative impacts to escalate beyond what willotherwise be the case. Internal monitoring is likewise goodpractice for investors and their financiers, though thefield research indicated room for improvement.