Field Testing and Optimization of CO(sub 2)Sand Fracturing Technology.

Mazza, R. L.

Technical Information Center Oak Ridge Tennessee

关键词: Carbon dioxide injection;    Hydraulic fracturing;    Reservoir engineering;    Injection wells;    Well stimulation;   

RP-ID  :  DE2005837843

学科分类：工程和技术（综合）

美国|英语

来源: National Technical Reports Library

【 摘 要 】

These contract efforts involved the demonstration of a unique liquid free stimulation technology which was, at the beginning of these efforts, in 1993 unavailable in the United States. The process had been developed, and patented in Canada in 1981, and held promise for stimulating liquid sensitive reservoirs in the US. The technology differs from that conventionally used in that liquid carbon dioxide (CO(sub 2)), instead of water is the base fluid. The CO(sub 2) is pumped as a liquid and then vaporizes at reservoir conditions, and because no other liquids or chemicals are used, a liquid free fracture is created. The process requires a specialized closed system blender to mix the liquid CO(sub 2) with proppant under pressure. These efforts were funded to consist of up to 21 cost-shared stimulation events. Because of the vagaries of CO(sub 2) supplies, service company support and operator interest only 19 stimulation events were performed in Montana, New Mexico, and Texas.