Structural Studies of Complex Carbohydrates of Plant Cell Walls

Darvill, Alan¹  Hahn, Michael G.¹  O'Neill, Malcolm A.¹  York, William S.¹ 

[1] Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA (United States)

关键词: Plant biology;    plant cell walls;    biochemistry;    molecular biology;   

DOI  :  10.2172/1170244
RP-ID  :  Darvill02172015
PID  :  OSTI ID: 1170244

学科分类：生物科学（综合）

美国|英语

来源: SciTech Connect

【 摘 要 】

Most of the solar energy captured by land plants is converted into the polysaccharides (cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin) that are the predominant components of the cell wall. These walls, which account for the bulk of plant biomass, have numerous roles in the growth and development of plants. Moreover, these walls have a major impact on human life as they are a renewable source of biomass, a source of diverse commercially useful polymers, a major component of wood, and a source of nutrition for humans and livestock. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms that lead to wall assembly and how cell walls and their component polysaccharides contribute to plant growth and development is essential to improve and extend the productivity and value of plant materials. The proposed research will develop and apply advanced analytical and immunological techniques to study specific changes in the structures and interactions of the hemicellulosic and pectic polysaccharides that occur during differentiation and in response to genetic modification and chemical treatments that affect wall biosynthesis. These new techniques will make it possible to accurately characterize minute amounts of cell wall polysaccharides so that subtle changes in structure that occur in individual cell types can be identified and correlated to the physiological or developmental state of the plant. Successful implementation of this research will reveal fundamental relationships between polysaccharide structure, cell wall architecture, and cell wall functions.