Biological control of emerging forest diseases: How can we move from dreams to reality?

FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT

卷:496

Article

Prospero, Simone¹  Botella, Leticia^2,3  Santini, Alberto⁴  Robin, Cecile⁵ 

[1] Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland

[2] Mendel Univ Brno, Fac Forestry & Wood Technol, Dept Forest Protect & Wildlife Management, Phytophthora Res Ctr, Zemedelska 1, Brno 61300, Czech Republic

[3] Univ South Bohemia, Ctr Biotechnol, Fac Agr, Na Sadkach 1780, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic

[4] CNR, Inst Sustainable Plant Protect, Via Madonna Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy

[5] Univ Bordeaux, INRAE, BIOGECO, F-33610 Cestas, France

关键词: Biological control agent;    Native vs. exotic pathogen and host;    Resistance;    Virulence;    Damage;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119377

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Biological control (BC) is defined as the use of living natural enemies, antagonists, or competitors (biological control agents) to control other living organisms. In the second half of the last century, the general interest in BC has increased considerably because greater environmental awareness in society and the implementation of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies have pushed towards the development of environmentally friendly control approaches. However, BC is still only rarely used for pathogens (fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes, and phytoplasmas) of forest trees. Here, we present and discuss the biological specificities of both the hosts and the fungal pathogens which may account for this situation. To increase the likelihood of BC success, we suggest a holistic approach involving the use of top-down regulators, competitors and amensalists, all exerting pressure on the pathogen, as well as bottom-up forces helping the host (e.g., endophytes, mycorrhiza). Moreover, BC to mitigate emerging forest diseases should be fully integrated into other sustainable management strategies. Finally, we propose guidelines for developing an efficient BC of emerging fungal pathogens of forest trees.

【 授权许可】

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