Nanoplastics in the oceans: Theory, experimental evidence and real world

MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN

卷:157

Review

Piccardo, Manuela^1,2  Renzi, Monia¹  Terlizzi, Antonio^1,2 

[1] Univ Trieste, Dept Life Sci, I-34127 Trieste, Italy

[2] Stn Zool Anton Dohrn, I-80121 Naples, Italy

关键词: Nanoplastics;    Polystyrene;    Reference materials;    Knowledge gaps;    Laboratory experiments;    Dynamic phenomenon;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111317

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

This review critically analyses > 200 papers collected by searching on Pubmed the word nanoplastics, a group of emerging contaminants which are receiving growing attention. The present review intends to provide an overview of current knowledge on nanoplastic pollution starting with the theory of polymer degradation, passing to laboratory confirmation of nanoplastic formation and ending with the possible occurrence in sea water samples. Most of the observations proposed focus the attention on polystyrene (PS) because the majority of research knowledge is based on this polymer. Moreover, we thoroughly describe what effects have been observed on different organisms tested in controlled conditions. Nanoplastics formation, fate and toxicity seem to be a very dynamic phenomenon. In light of this, we identify some aspects retained crucial when an ecotoxicological study with nanoplastics is performed and which elements of nanoplastics toxicity could be deeper covered.

【 授权许可】

Free