Neural correlates of metacognition across the adult lifespan

NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING

卷:108

Article

Overhoff, Helen^1,2,3  Ko, Yiu Hong^1,2,3  Feuerriegel, Daniel²  Fink, Gereon R.^1,4  Stahl, Jutta³  Weiss, Peter H.^1,4  Bode, Stefan²  Niessen, Eva³ 

[1] Res Ctr Julich, Cognit Neurosci, Inst Neurosci & Med INM 3, Leo Brandt Str 5, D-52425 Julich, Germany

[2] Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Sch Psychol Sci, Parkville, Vic, Australia

[3] Univ Cologne, Dept Individual Differences & Psychol Assessment, Cologne, Germany

[4] Univ Cologne, Univ Hosp Cologne, Dept Neurol, Fac Med, Cologne, Germany

关键词: Confidence;    Error detection;    Aging;    Error(-related) negativity (N-e, ERN);    Error positivity (P-e);    Behavioral adaptation;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.08.001

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

Metacognitive accuracy describes the degree of overlap between the subjective perception of one's decision accuracy (i.e. confidence) and objectively observed performance. With older age, the need for accurate metacognitive evaluation increases; however, error detection rates typically decrease. We investigated the effect of ageing on metacognitive accuracy using event-related potentials (ERPs) reflecting error detection and confidence: the error/correct negativity (N-e/c) and the error/correct positivity (P-e/c). Sixty-five healthy adults (20 to 76 years) completed a complex Flanker task and provided confidence ratings. We found that metacognitive accuracy declined with age beyond the expected decline in task performance, while the adaptive adjustment of behaviour was well preserved. Pe amplitudes following errors varied by confidence rating, but they did not mirror the reduction in metacognitive accuracy. Ne amplitudes decreased with age for low confidence errors. The results suggest that age-related difficulties in metacognitive evaluation could be related to an impaired integration of decision accuracy and confidence information processing. Ultimately, training the metacognitive evaluation of fundamental decisions in older adults might constitute a promising endeavour. (C) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

【 授权许可】

Free