The nature of anterograde and retrograde memory impairment after damage to the medial temporal lobe

NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA

卷:51

Article

Smith, Christine N.^1,2  Frascino, Jennifer C.^1,2  Hopkins, Ramona O.^3,4,5  Squire, Larry R.^1,2,6,7 

[1] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychiat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA

[2] Vet Affairs San Diego Healthcare Syst, La Jolla, CA 92161 USA

[3] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Psychol, Provo, UT 84143 USA

[4] Brigham Young Univ, Ctr Neurosci, Provo, UT 84143 USA

[5] Intermt Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care, Murray, UT 84143 USA

[6] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Neurosci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA

[7] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Psychol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA

关键词: Anterograde amnesia;    Retrograde amnesia;    Memory;    Medial temporal lobe;   

DOI  :  10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2013.09.015

来源: Elsevier

【 摘 要 】

The study of anterograde and retrograde amnesia (AA and RA) in the laboratory and the clinic has provided important information about the structure and organization of memory. The severity of AA is usually correlated with the severity of RA. Nevertheless, variations in the expression of AA and RA have been reported, which presumably reflect variation in the locus and extent of brain damage. The relationship between AA and RA has rarely been described quantitatively in groups of patients where detailed anatomical information is available. We have quantified the severity of AA and RA for factual information in 11 memory-impaired patients with bilateral medial temporal lobe lesions, including 5 for whom detailed post-mortem neurohistological information was available. The findings describe an orderly relationship between AA and RA, such that patients with more severe AA also had more extensive RA. In addition, RA was measurable only after AA reached a substantial level of severity. This relationship between AA and RA in patients with identified medial temporal lobe lesions appears to describe a general principle, which applies to a range of etiologies, including traumatic amnesia, where the locus and extent of brain damage is less well understood. Whenever patients deviate substantially from the relationship described here, one should be alert to the likelihood that significant damage has occurred outside or in addition to the structures in the medial temporal lobe. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

【 授权许可】

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