Air pollution, fetal and infant tobacco smoke exposure, and wheezing in preschool children: a population-based prospective birth cohort

Environmental Health

Research

Albert Hofman¹  Johan C de Jongste²  Liesbeth Duijts³  Henriëtte A Moll⁴  Hein Raat⁵  Yvonne de Kluizenaar⁶  Henk ME Miedema⁶  Frank H Pierik⁶  Vincent WV Jaddoe⁷  Agnes MM Sonnenschein-van der Voort⁸  Carmelo Gabriele⁹ 

[1] Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Urban Environment and Safety, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Delft, The Netherlands;The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Pediatrics, Division of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;Department of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands;

关键词: Cohort study;    Asthma;    Pediatrics;    Environmental tobacco smoke exposure;    Air pollution;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1476-069X-11-91

 received in 2012-06-26, accepted in 2012-12-04,  发布年份 2012

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundAir pollution is associated with asthma exacerbations. We examined the associations of exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) with the risk of wheezing in preschool children, and assessed whether these associations were modified by tobacco smoke exposure.MethodsThis study was embedded in the Generation R Study, a population-based prospective cohort study among 4,634 children. PM10 and NO2 levels were estimated for the home addresses using dispersion modeling. Annual parental reports of wheezing until the age of 3 years and fetal and infant tobacco smoke exposure was obtained by questionnaires.ResultsAverage annual PM10 or NO2 exposure levels per year were not associated with wheezing in the same year. Longitudinal analyses revealed non-significant tendencies towards positive associations of PM10 or NO2 exposure levels with wheezing during the first 3 years of life (overall odds ratios (95% confidence interval): 1.21 (0.79, 1.87) and 1.06 (0.92, 1.22)) per 10 μg/m3 increase PM10 and NO2, respectively). Stratified analyses showed that the associations were stronger and only significant among children who were exposed to both fetal and infant tobacco smoke (overall odds ratios 4.54 (1.17, 17.65) and 1.85 (1.15, 2.96)) per 10 μg/m3 increase PM10 and NO2, respectively (p-value for interactions <0.05).ConclusionsOur results suggest that long term exposure to traffic-related air pollutants is associated with increased risks of wheezing in children exposed to tobacco smoke in fetal life and infancy. Smoke exposure in early life might lead to increased vulnerability of the lungs to air pollution.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Sonnenschein-van der Voort et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.