Long-term exposure to ambient ultrafine particles and respiratory disease incidence in in Toronto, Canada: a cohort study

Environmental Health

Research

Keith Van Ryswyk¹  Aaron van Donkelaar²  Randall V. Martin³  Marianne Hatzopoulou⁴  Scott Weichenthal⁵  Hong Lu⁶  Richard T. Burnett⁷  Li Bai⁸  Hong Chen⁹  Jeffrey C. Kwong^1,10  Michael Jerrett^1,11 

[1] Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada;Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada;Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada;Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA, USA;Department of Civil Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada;Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health and Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, 1020 Pine Avenue, H3A 1A2, West, Montreal, QC, Canada;Air Health Science Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada;Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada;Population Studies Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada;Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada;Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada;Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada;Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada;Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada;Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada;Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA;

关键词: Ultrafine particles;    Cohort study;    Asthma;    Copd;    Lung cancer;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12940-017-0276-7

 received in 2017-01-12, accepted in 2017-06-11,  发布年份 2017

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundLittle is known about the long-term health effects of ambient ultrafine particles (<0.1 μm) (UFPs) including their association with respiratory disease incidence. In this study, we examined the relationship between long-term exposure to ambient UFPs and the incidence of lung cancer, adult-onset asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).MethodsOur study cohort included approximately 1.1 million adults who resided in Toronto, Canada and who were followed for disease incidence between 1996 and 2012. UFP exposures were assigned to residential locations using a land use regression model. Random-effect Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) describing the association between ambient UFPs and respiratory disease incidence adjusting for ambient fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5), NO2, and other individual/neighbourhood-level covariates.ResultsIn total, 74,543 incident cases of COPD, 87,141 cases of asthma, and 12,908 cases of lung cancer were observed during follow-up period. In single pollutant models, each interquartile increase in ambient UFPs was associated with incident COPD (HR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.09) but not asthma (HR = 1.00, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.01) or lung cancer (HR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.97, 1.03). Additional adjustment for NO2 attenuated the association between UFPs and COPD and the HR was no longer elevated (HR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.98, 1.03). PM2.5 and NO2 were each associated with increased incidence of all three outcomes but risk estimates for lung cancer were sensitive to indirect adjustment for smoking and body mass index.ConclusionsIn general, we did not observe clear evidence of positive associations between long-term exposure to ambient UFPs and respiratory disease incidence independent of other air pollutants. Further replication is required as few studies have evaluated these relationships.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s). 2017