The hide and seek of Plasmodium vivax in West Africa: report from a large-scale study in Beninese asymptomatic subjects

Malaria Journal

Research

André Bigot¹  Ludovic Anani¹  Lydia Arnoux²  Sylvie Perrotey²  Cécile Doderer-Lang²  Marie-Louise Coquelin de l’Isle²  Ahmed Abou-bacar³  Denis Filisetti³  Julie Brunet³  Alexander W. Pfaff³  Jean-Philippe Lemoine³  Ermanno Candolfi³  Nicodeme W. Chabi⁴  Pascal S. Atchade⁴  Ambaliou Sanni⁴  Casimir D. Akpovi⁴  Philippe Poirier⁵  Elodie Haar⁶ 

[1] Agence Nationale pour la Transfusion Sanguine (Ministère de la Santé), Cotonou, Benin;Institut de Parasitologie et de Pathologie Tropicale, EA 7292, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France;Institut de Parasitologie et de Pathologie Tropicale, EA 7292, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France;Laboratoire de Parasitologie et de Mycologie Médicale, Plateau Technique de Microbiologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France;Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, Université d’Abomey Calavi, Cotonou, Benin;Laboratoire de Parasitologie Mycologie, CHU Gabriel Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France;Laboratoire Microorganismes: Génome et Environnement, UMR CNRS 6023, Aubière, France;Laboratoire de Parasitologie et de Mycologie Médicale, Plateau Technique de Microbiologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France;

关键词: Plasmodium vivax;    Malaria;    ELISA;    MSP1;    CSP1;    Western Africa;    Benin;    Blood donors;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12936-016-1620-z

 received in 2016-09-09, accepted in 2016-11-15,  发布年份 2016

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundPlasmodium vivax is considered to be absent from western Africa, where the prevalence of Duffy-negative red blood cell phenotype proves to be high. Several studies have, however, detected P. vivax infection cases in this part of Africa, raising the question of what is the actual prevalence of P. vivax in local populations.MethodsThe presence of P. vivax was investigated in a large population of healthy blood donors in Benin using microscopy, serology and molecular detection. The seroprevalence was measured with species-specific ELISA using two recombinant P. vivax proteins, namely rPvMSP1 and rPvCSP1. Specific molecular diagnosis of P. vivax infection was carried out using nested-PCR. The performances and cut-off values of both rPvCSP1 and rPvMSP1 ELISA were first assessed using sera from P. vivax-infected patients and from non-exposed subjects.ResultsAmong 1234 Beninese blood donors, no parasites were detected when using microscopy, whereas 28.7% (354/1234) of patients exhibited had antibodies against rPvMSP1, 21.6% (266/1234) against rPvCSP1, and 15.2% (187/1234) against both. Eighty-four samples were selected for nested-PCR analyses, of which 13 were positive for P. vivax nested-PCR and all Duffy negative.ConclusionThe results of the present study highlight an unexpectedly high exposure of Beninese subjects to P. vivax, resulting in sub-microscopic infections. This suggests a probably underestimated and insidious parasite presence in western Africa. While the vaccination campaigns and therapeutic efforts are all focused on Plasmodium falciparum, it is also essential to consider the epidemiological impact of P. vivax.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s) 2016