The glycemic, insulinemic and plasma amino acid responses to equi-carbohydrate milk meals, a pilot- study of bovine and human milk

Nutrition Journal

Research

Inger Björck¹  Elin Östman¹  Ulrika Gunnerud¹  Jens J Holst² 

[1] Department of Applied Nutrition and Food Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, 221 00, Lund, Sweden;Department of Medical Physiology, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;

关键词: Amino acids;    Bovine milk;    GIP;    GLP-1;    Human milk;    Whey protein;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1475-2891-11-83

 received in 2012-04-16, accepted in 2012-10-10,  发布年份 2012

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundDairy proteins, in particular the whey fraction, exert insulinogenic properties and facilitate glycemic regulation through a mechanism involving elevation of certain plasma amino acids, and stimulation of incretins. Human milk is rich in whey protein and has not been investigated in this respect.MethodNine healthy volunteers were served test meals consisting of human milk, bovine milk, reconstituted bovine whey- or casein protein in random order. All test meals contributed with 25g intrinsic or added lactose, and a white wheat bread (WWB) meal was used as reference, providing 25g starch. Post-prandial levels in plasma of glucose, insulin, incretins and amino acids were investigated at time intervals for up to 2 h.ResultsAll test meals elicited lower postprandial blood glucose responses, expressed as iAUC 0–120 min compared with the WWB (P < 0.05). The insulin response was increased following all test meals, although only significantly higher after whey. Plasma amino acids were correlated to insulin and incretin secretion (iAUC 0–60 min) (P ≤ 0.05). The lowered glycemia with the test meals (iAUC 0–90 min) was inversely correlated to GLP-1 (iAUC 0–30 min) (P ≤ 0.05).ConclusionThis study shows that the glycemic response was significantly lower following all milk/milk protein based test meals, in comparison with WWB. The effect appears to originate from the protein fraction and early phase plasma amino acids and incretins were involved in the insulin secretion. Despite its lower protein content, the human milk was a potent GLP-1 secretagogue and showed insulinogenic properties similar to that seen with reconstituted bovine whey-protein, possibly due to the comparatively high proportion of whey in human milk.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Gunnerud et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012