Increased detection of Plasmodium knowlesi in Sandakan division, Sabah as revealed by PlasmoNex™

Malaria Journal

Research

Kek Heng Chua¹  Ching Hoong Chew¹  Indra Vythilingam²  Nan Jiun Yap²  Tian Chye Tan²  Xiang Ting Goh²  Veeranoot Nissapatorn²  Romano Ngui²  Yvonne AL Lim²  Ping Chin Lee³ 

[1] Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;School of Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia;

关键词: Malaria;    Parasite Density;    Nest Polymerase Chain Reaction;    Vivax Malaria;    Plasmodium Species;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1475-2875-12-264

 received in 2013-06-04, accepted in 2013-07-22,  发布年份 2013

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundPlasmodium knowlesi is a simian malaria parasite that is widespread in humans in Malaysian Borneo. However, little is known about the incidence and distribution of this parasite in the Sandakan division, Malaysian Borneo. Therefore, the aim of the present epidemiological study was to investigate the incidence and distribution of P. knowlesi as well as other Plasmodium species in this division based on a most recent developed hexaplex PCR system (PlasmoNex™).MethodsA total of 189 whole blood samples were collected from Telupid Health Clinic, Sabah, Malaysia, from 2008 to 2011. All patients who participated in the study were microscopically malaria positive before recruitment. Complete demographic details and haematological profiles were obtained from 85 patients (13 females and 72 males). Identification of Plasmodium species was conducted using PlasmoNex™ targeting the 18S ssu rRNA gene.ResultsA total of 178 samples were positive for Plasmodium species by using PlasmoNex™. Plasmodium falciparum was identified in 68 samples (38.2%) followed by 64 cases (36.0%) of Plasmodium vivax, 42 (23.6%) cases of P. knowlesi, two (1.1%) cases of Plasmodium malariae and two (1.1%) mixed-species infections (i e, P. vivax/P. falciparum). Thirty-five PlasmoNex™ positive P. knowlesi samples were misdiagnosed as P. malariae by microscopy. Plasmodium knowlesi was detected in all four districts of Sandakan division with the highest incidence in the Kinabatangan district. Thrombocytopaenia and anaemia showed to be the most frequent malaria-associated haematological complications in this study.ConclusionsThe discovery of P. knowlesi in Sandakan division showed that prospective studies on the epidemiological risk factors and transmission dynamics of P. knowlesi in these areas are crucial in order to develop strategies for effective malaria control. The availability of advanced diagnostic tool PlasmoNex™ enhanced the accuracy and accelerated the speed in the diagnosis of malaria.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Goh et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2013. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.