Using omics approaches to understand pulmonary diseases

Respiratory Research

Review

Mengyuan Kan¹  Blanca E. Himes¹  Maya Shumyatcher¹ 

[1] Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, 402 Blockley Hall 423 Guardian Drive, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA;

关键词: Pulmonary diseases;    Genomics;    Transcriptomics;    Epigenomics;    Proteomics;    Metabolomics;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12931-017-0631-9

 received in 2017-05-01, accepted in 2017-07-26,  发布年份 2017

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

Omics approaches are high-throughput unbiased technologies that provide snapshots of various aspects of biological systems and include: 1) genomics, the measure of DNA variation; 2) transcriptomics, the measure of RNA expression; 3) epigenomics, the measure of DNA alterations not involving sequence variation that influence RNA expression; 4) proteomics, the measure of protein expression or its chemical modifications; and 5) metabolomics, the measure of metabolite levels. Our understanding of pulmonary diseases has increased as a result of applying these omics approaches to characterize patients, uncover mechanisms underlying drug responsiveness, and identify effects of environmental exposures and interventions. As more tissue- and cell-specific omics data is analyzed and integrated for diverse patients under various conditions, there will be increased identification of key mechanisms that underlie pulmonary biological processes, disease endotypes, and novel therapeutics that are efficacious in select individuals. We provide a synopsis of how omics approaches have advanced our understanding of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and we highlight ongoing work that will facilitate pulmonary disease precision medicine.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s). 2017