Genetic structure in cultivated grapevines is linked to geography and human selection

BMC Plant Biology

Research Article

Blaise Genna¹  Loïc Le Cunff²  Valérie Laucou³  Manuel Di Vecchi-Staraz³  Jean-Pierre Péros³  Roberto Bacilieri³  Patrice This³  Thierry Lacombe⁴  Jean-Michel Boursiquot⁵ 

[1] INRA - Domaine de Vassal. Ancienne route de Sète, 34340, Marseillan Plage, France;Institut Français de la Vigne et du Vin - Unité Mixte Technologique Géno-Vigne, 2 Place P. Viala, 34060, Montpellier, France;Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR 1334 AGAP Amélioration génétique et adaptation de plantes, équipe DAVEM, 2 Place P. Viala, 34060, Montpellier, France;Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR 1334 AGAP Amélioration génétique et adaptation de plantes, équipe DAVEM, 2 Place P. Viala, 34060, Montpellier, France;INRA - Domaine de Vassal. Ancienne route de Sète, 34340, Marseillan Plage, France;Montpellier SupAgro, UMR 1334 AGAP Amélioration génétique et adaptation de plantes, équipe DAVEM, 2 Place P. Viala, 34060, Montpellier, France;

关键词: Iberian Peninsula;    Private Allele;    Geographic Group;    Table Grape;    Wine Grape;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2229-13-25

 received in 2013-01-07, accepted in 2013-01-31,  发布年份 2013

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundGrapevine (Vitis vinifera subsp. vinifera) is one of the most important and ancient horticultural plants in the world. Domesticated about 8–10,000 years ago in the Eurasian region, grapevine evolved from its wild relative (V. vinifera subsp. sylvestris) into very diverse and heterozygous cultivated forms. In this work we study grapevine genetic structure in a large sample of cultivated varieties, to interpret the wide diversity at morphological and molecular levels and link it to cultivars utilization, putative geographic origin and historical events.ResultsWe analyzed the genetic structure of cultivated grapevine using a dataset of 2,096 multi-locus genotypes defined by 20 microsatellite markers. We used the Bayesian approach implemented in the STRUCTURE program and a hierarchical clustering procedure based on Ward’s method to assign individuals to sub-groups. The analysis revealed three main genetic groups defined by human use and geographic origin: a) wine cultivars from western regions, b) wine cultivars from the Balkans and East Europe, and c) a group mainly composed of table grape cultivars from Eastern Mediterranean, Caucasus, Middle and Far East countries. A second structure level revealed two additional groups, a geographic group from the Iberian Peninsula and Maghreb, and a group comprising table grapes of recent origins from Italy and Central Europe. A large number of admixed genotypes were also identified. Structure clusters regrouped together a large proportion of family-related genotypes. In addition, Ward’s method revealed a third level of structure, corresponding either to limited geographic areas, to particular grape use or to family groups created through artificial selection and breeding.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence that the cultivated compartment of Vitis vinifera L. is genetically structured. Genetic relatedness of cultivars has been shaped mostly by human uses, in combination with a geographical effect. The finding of a large portion of admixed genotypes may be the trace of both large human-mediated exchanges between grape-growing regions throughout history and recent breeding.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© Bacilieri et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2013