Environmental contamination and risk factors for transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) to humans, Cambodia, 2006-2010

BMC Infectious Diseases

Research Article

Touch Sok¹  Sirenda Vong²  Sareth Rith²  Channa Mey²  Sowath Ly²  Arnaud Tarantola²  Philippe Cavailler³  Philippe Buchy⁴  Maria D. Van Kerkhove⁵  San Sorn⁶  Elizabeth Mumford⁷ 

[1] Communicable Disease Control Department, Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia;Institut Pasteur in Cambodia, Phnom Penh, Cambodia;Institut Pasteur in Cambodia, Phnom Penh, Cambodia;Agence de Médecine Préventive, Ferney-Voltaire, France;Institut Pasteur in Cambodia, Phnom Penh, Cambodia;GSK Vaccines R&D, 150 Beach Road, 189720, Singapore, Singapore;Institut Pasteur in Cambodia, Phnom Penh, Cambodia;Institut Pasteur, Paris, France;National Veterinary Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries, Phnom Penh, Cambodia;World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland;

关键词: Environmental contamination;    A (H5N1);    Human seroprevalence;    Risk factors;   

DOI  :  10.1186/s12879-016-1950-z

 received in 2016-05-08, accepted in 2016-10-21,  发布年份 2016

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundHighly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus has been of public health concern since 2003. Probable risk factors for A(H5N1) transmission to human have been demonstrated in several studies or epidemiological reports. However, transmission patterns may differ according to demographic characteristics of the population and local practices. This article aggregates these data from three studies with data collected in the previous surveys in 2006 and 2007 to further examine the risks factors associated with presence of anti-A(H5) antibodies among villagers residing within outbreak areas.MethodsWe aggregated 5-year data (2006–2010) from serology survey and matched case-control studies in Cambodia to further examine the risks factors associated with A(H5N1) infection among villagers in the outbreak areas.ResultsSerotesting among villagers detected 35 (1.5 % [0–2.6]) positive cases suggesting recent exposure to A(H5N1) virus. Practices associated with A(H5N1) infection among all ages were: having poultry cage or nesting area under or adjacent to the house (OR: 6.7 [1.6–28.3]; p = 0.010) and transporting poultry to market (OR: 17.6 [1.6–193.7]; p = 0.019). Practices found as risk factors for the infection among age under 20 years were swimming/bathing in ponds also accessed by domestic poultry (OR: 4.6 [1.1–19.1]; p = 0.038). Association with consuming wild birds reached borderline significance (p = 0.066).ConclusionOur results suggest that swimming/bathing in contaminated pond water and close contact with poultry may present a risk of A(H5N1) transmission to human.

【 授权许可】

CC BY   
© The Author(s). 2016