Serum galectin-9 levels are elevated in the patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease

BMC Nephrology

Research Article

Nobuyuki Miyatake¹  Takahiro Terami²  Motoko Kanzaki²  Hirofumi Makino²  Jun Eguchi²  Atsuko Nakatsuka²  Yuko Kurose²  Akihiro Katayama²  Mayu Watanabe²  Jun Wada²  Kentaro Inoue²  Chigusa Higuchi²  Kazutoshi Murakami²  Sanae Teshigawara² 

[1] Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan;Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan;

关键词: Type 2 diabetes;    Glomerular filtration;    Inflammation;    Kidney disease;    Nephropathy;   

DOI  :  10.1186/1471-2369-14-23

 received in 2011-12-23, accepted in 2013-01-18,  发布年份 2013

来源: Springer

【 摘 要 】

BackgroundGalectin-9 (Gal-9) induces apoptosis in activated T helper 1 (TH1) cells as a ligand for T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (Tim-3). Gal-9 also inhibits the G1 phase cell cycle arrest and hypertrophy in db/db mice, the hallmark of early diabetic nephropathy, by reversing the high glucose-induced up-regulation of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors such as p27Kip1 and p21Cip1.MethodsWe investigated the serum levels of Gal-9 in the patients with type 2 diabetes and various stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) (n=182).ResultsSerum Gal-9 levels in the patients with type 2 diabetes were 131.9 ± 105.4 pg/ml and Log10Gal-9 levels significantly and positively correlated with age (r=0.227, p=0.002), creatinine (r=0.175, p=0.018), urea nitrogen (r=0.162, p=0.028) and osmotic pressure (r=0.187, p=0.014) and negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (r=−0.188, p=0.011). Log10Gal-9 levels increased along with the progression of GFR categories of G1 to G4, and they were statistically significant by Jonckheere-Terpstra test (p=0.012). Log10Gal-9 levels remained similar levels in albuminuria stages of A1 to A3.ConclusionThe elevation of serum Gal-9 in the patients with type 2 diabetes is closely linked to GFR and they may be related to the alteration of the immune response and inflammation of the patients with type 2 diabetes and CKD.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
© Kurose et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2013. This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.