Durability and extent of protection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among patients with COVID-19 in Metro Manila, Philippines

Frontiers in Immunology

Immunology

Elenore Uy¹  Antonio L. Dans²  Cynthia P. Cordero³  Carol Stephanie C. Tan-Lim³  Marissa M. Alejandria³  Mary Ann D. Lansang³  Melissa A. Dator⁴  Ma. Liza Antoinette M. Gonzales⁴  Leonila F. Dans⁵  Maria Vanessa V. Sulit⁶  Eva Cutiongco-dela Paz⁷  Gina F. Pardilla⁸ 

[1] Asia-Pacific Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare, Manila, Philippines;College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines;Department of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines;Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines;Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines;Department of Clinical Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines;Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines;Institute of Human Genetics, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines;Manila Health Department Delpan Evacuation Center Quarantine Facility, Manila, Philippines;

关键词: antibody;    humoral response;    SARS-CoV-2;    COVID-19;    reinfection;   

DOI  :  10.3389/fimmu.2023.1190093

 received in 2023-03-20, accepted in 2023-06-09,  发布年份 2023

来源: Frontiers

【 摘 要 】

IntroductionInformation on the magnitude and durability of humoral immunity against COVID-19 among specific populations can guide policies on vaccination, return from isolation and physical distancing measures. The study determined the durability of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after an initial infection among Filipinos in Metro Manila, Philippines, and the extent of protection SARS-CoV-2 antibodies confer against reinfection.MethodsWe conducted a cohort study to monitor the antibody levels of patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Receptor-binding domain (RBD)-specific antibodies were measured at Days 21, 90, 180, 270 and 360. Antibody levels were reported as geometric mean titers (GMT) with geometric standard deviation (GSD). Differences in GMT were tested using Friedman test and Kruskal Wallis test, with Bonferroni multiple comparisons procedure. Adjusted hazard ratios on the development of probable reinfection were estimated using Cox proportional models.ResultsThere were 307 study participants included in the study, with 13 dropouts. Study participants received SARS-CoV-2 vaccines at varying times, with 278 participants (90.5%) fully vaccinated by the end of study. The GMT of the study cohort increased over time, from 19.7 U/mL (GSD 11) at Day 21; to 284.5 U/mL (GSD 9.6) at Day 90; 1,061 U/mL (GSD 5.3) at Day 180; 2,003 U/mL (GSD 6.7) at Day 270; and 8,403 U/mL (GSD 3.1) at Day 360. The increase was statistically significant from Day 21 to Day 90 (p<0.0001), Day 90 to Day 180 (p=0.0005), and Day 270 to Day 360 (p<0.0001). Participants with more severe initial infection demonstrated significantly higher antibody levels compared to those with milder infection at Day 21. Sixty-four patients had probable COVID-19 reinfection (incidence of 20.8%, 95% CI 16.4, 25.8%). The GMT of these 64 patients was 411.8 U/mL (GSD 6.9) prior to the occurrence of the probable reinfection. Majority (87.5%) were fully vaccinated. Antibody titers significantly affected the risk of developing reinfection, with adjusted hazard ratio of 0.994, 95% CI 0.992-0.996, p<0.001.ConclusionAntibody levels against SARS-CoV-2 increased over a one-year follow-up. Higher antibody levels were observed among those with more severe initial infection and those vaccinated. Higher antibody levels are associated with a lower risk of probable reinfection.

【 授权许可】

Unknown   
Copyright © 2023 Gonzales, Dans, Tan-Lim, Uy, Cutiongco-dela Paz, Sulit, Alejandria, Lansang, Dans, Dator, Cordero and Pardilla